Violation of the diet: the reasons for the lack of substances in the body
Violation of the diet of the body is a violation of its functions caused by a lack or excess of energy or nutrients absorbed from food. It can be caused by diseases in which the absorption of food components is impaired. An unbalanced diet is a more common cause of eating disorders. An unbalanced diet indicates an excess of calories. With an insufficient diet, less nutrients are supplied with food than is required for the normal functioning of the body.
Insufficiency of the diet can be quantitative when its calorie content is less than the energy requirements of the body. A nutritional deficiency is when the diet is not balanced in nutrient content. Most often it is a lack of proteins, vitamins and minerals. In this case, the calorie content of the diet can be reduced, normal, and more often increased. Insufficient or excessive diet is the main reason for the deviation of body weight from ideal.
Violation of the diet – varieties
- Lack of a component in the diet . Usually such disorders lead to clinically manifest diseases. So, for example, in the complete absence of vitamin C in food, scurvy develops. With a deficiency of vitamin D, rickets occurs in children, and in adults, osteomalacia (softening and deformation of bones). Due to impaired absorption of vitamin B12 (for example, in case of stomach diseases) or a strictly vegetarian diet (vitamin B12 is found only in animal products), anemia develops, the nervous and digestive systems suffer, etc.
- Sudden . As a result of a significant change in diet. There are many reasons for this type of eating disorder. It can be physical or mental trauma, surgery, change in financial situation. Such violations are often caused by fashionable diets and “curative” fasting without medical supervision.
- Recurring . They are most often caused by diseases with a repetitive cycle and inadequate nutrition, such as repeated exacerbations of peptic ulcer disease.
- Improper diet : monotonous, excessive or insufficient. This type of disorder usually may not appear for a long time in the form of symptoms of any disease.
Eating disorders are common
On average, in Russia, the deficit of protein in the diet due to unbalanced nutrition is about 25%, the deficiency of dietary fiber is about 40%. Human eating disorders are much more common than many might imagine.
The situation is especially bad with regard to the supply of vitamins and minerals. From 80 to 90% of our fellow citizens consume only 20-50% of the required amount of vitamin C. 40-80% have a deficiency of vitamins B1, B2, B6, folic acid. 40-55% lack carotene (provitamin A).
A significant part of the population of Russia also has a deficiency of minerals (iron, iodine, selenium, calcium, etc.). Of particular concern is the widespread prevalence of multivitamin deficiencies in pregnant women.
Vitamins C, B1, and B2 are lacking in 70-80% of pregnant women, while in 25-40% of cases there is a pronounced hypovitaminosis. More than a third of pregnant women have a deficiency of vitamin D and iron, more than a quarter – a lack of calcium, two-thirds – selenium, folic acid, according to various sources, 30-95% of pregnant women lack.
Children suffer from a deficiency of vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, biologically active polyunsaturated fatty acids, animal proteins as often as adults.
A chronically ill economy is an important, but not the only, cause of quality malnutrition. Reducing physical activity requires less energy consumption and, accordingly, less food, which is accompanied by a deficiency of vitamins, macro- and microelements and other essential nutrients in the diet. The role of a monotonous, monotonous diet of many people, a standard set of basic food groups, an increase in the consumption of refined, high-calorie, but poor in vitamins and minerals food products (white bread, pasta, confectionery, sugar, etc.) is also great in this. Products of deep processing are often used, during which vitamins are destroyed. These are soups concentrates, briquetted foods, instant foods, which for many people become the basis of the diet.
