Amygdala

Amygdala. Accumulation of lymphatic tissue located on both sides of the throat . They can be easily seen by opening a person’s mouth and looking into it with a light.

Summary

[ disguise ]

• 1 Types
  • 1 Palatine tonsils
  • 2 Pharyngeal Tonsil
  • 3 Lingual Tonsils
• 2 Mission
• 3 Infections as a manifestation of another disease
• 4 Inflammation
  • 1 Symptoms
• 5 Surgical intervention
• 6 Sources

Guys

The tonsils are organs made up of glomerates of lymphoid tissues , located under the epithelium of the mouth and pharynx. The pharyngeal tonsils , palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils are distinguished . Unlike lymph glands , tonsils are not located in the path of lymphatic vessels. They produce lymphocytes , many of which penetrate the epithelium and pass through it, landing in the mouth and pharynx .

Palatine tonsils

The palatine tonsils are two in number, located in the oral part of the pharynx . In them, the lymphoid tissue forms a band under the multi-stratified squamous epithelium, a band that contains lymph nodes , generally with germinal centers. Each tonsil has 10 to 20 epithelial invaginations that penetrate deeply into the parenchyma, forming crypts. These crypts contain desquamated epithelial cells , live and dead lymphocytes and bacteria, and may appear as purulent spots in tonsillitis . Separating the lymphoid tissue from the deep planes is a band of dense connective tissues, the tonsillar capsule, which represents a barrier to the spread of infections of the tonsils.

Pharyngeal Tonsil

It is unique and is located in the back of the pharynx. It is covered by the typical epithelium of the respiratory tract: pseudopluristratified cylindrical epithelium. There may be areas of multistratified squamous epithelium. The pharyngeal tonsil is formed by mucosal folds and contains diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymph nodes. It grows from crypts. The cause is finer than that existing in the palatine tonsils.

Lingual Tonsils

They are small in diameter, but more numerous than the other tonsils. They are located at the base of the tongue , covered by multistratified squamous epithelium. In each tonsil, the epithelium forms an invagination that goes very deep, creating a crypt.

Mission

The role they play in the immune system is an area that is under investigation. The tonsils are involved in fighting disease early in life. However, the tonsils can in turn be the cause of disease, become chronically infected by viruses and bacteria and cease to have this mission attributed to them. They then become a source of problems that can affect the entire body.

These masses are made up of cells similar to lymphocytes in the bloodstream and are included in a fibrous connective tissue and covered by a single layer of epithelium. Lymphoid cells are phagocytic and help protect the pharynx against invasion by pathogenic bacteria.

Infections as a manifestation of another disease

Acatalasemia or Takahara disease is a hereditary disease characterized by the absence of the enzymecatalase in peroxisomes . The clinical manifestations of Takahara disease are infections of the mouth ( gums and tonsils).

Inflammation

Tonsils can become inflamed and infected acutely or chronically. This condition is called tonsillitis , and it is often the result of a streptococcal infection .

Symptoms

• Sore throat
• Pain or discomfort when swallowing
• Fever
• Rough voice
• Swollen glands in the neck

Frequently, the tissues surrounding the tonsils form pus during acute tonsillitis , especially if the cause is streptococcus ; In these cases, the tonsils have white spots, or may even be covered with a whitish exudate. This condition is called angina .

When inflamed, the pharyngeal tonsils —located at the back of the throat—become too large. They are called adenoids . Acute cases of tonsillitis are often treated with antibiotics such as penicillin . Chronic recurrent tonsillitis is cured with surgical removal of the tonsils ( tonsillectomy ), although this operation is not as common today as in previous decades.

Surgical intervention

The intervention of the tonsils or tonsillectomy is a surgical procedure and as such it is performed with the utmost care to minimize the risks. A preoperative study is necessary before the intervention. You should know that:

• The eight hours before the intervention you must remain on an empty stomach.
• You will receive general anesthesia , which means that the intervention will be performed in an operating room , with an anesthetist who will monitor your vital signs at all times.
• You will remain asleep, under the effects of anesthesia , for around 20 minutes.
• The surgeon will remove the tonsils through the mouth, without making any incisions in the skin.
• The operation will be performed with specific instruments, which dissect the tonsils by extracting them from the tonsillar bed. After this, electrocoagulation of small blood vessels is generally necessary. The site where the tonsils have been removed heals on its own in 10-14 days.
• Many studies have shown that the removal of tonsils does not negatively influence the body’s immune response (defenses). The function of the tonsils

It is supplied entirely by the rest of the lymphatic tissues of the body.

• In most cases the length of stay in the hospital is 5 to 10 hours. Children under 3 years old or with chronic illnesses will remain in the hospital for at least 24 hours.
• Upon discharge, the otorhinolaryngologist will prescribe antibiotic and analgesic treatment.