female hormones In all ages and menopause

  • If there is too much estrogen It can be frustrating. Easily mood swings There is more fat accumulation. Resulting in obesity and increases the risk of certain types of cancer and fat in the arteries
  • The use of hormone supplements to replace hormones produced by the body decreases in postmenopausal women. It will help reduce symptoms and prevent osteoporosis in the long term. But it may increase the risk of certain types of cancer. cardiovascular disease Including contraindications for use in certain groups of patients. Therefore, you should consult a doctor to check hormone levels and consider medication. You should not buy hormone replacement therapy orally. Or eat it on your face.

Hormones are chemicals produced by the body to regulate the functioning of various systems in the body to operate normally. In addition to females and males, there are different types of hormones that perform different functions. The amount and function of hormones at different ages also vary. female hormones Important ones include: Hormones estrogen, progesterone, FSH and LH as follows

The hormone estrogen (Estrogen)

The hormone estrogen ( Estrogen ) is an important hormone. It controls the female reproductive system. Produced mostly from the ovaries. And a small amount is produced by the adrenal glands and fat cells. It will affect sexual growth. female characteristics Menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause

Women of childbearing age have estrogen levels of 15-350 pg/mL, which varies during ovulation and menstruation.

During menopause, the amount of estrogen decreases to <10 pg/mL. Too much estrogen can lead to more fat accumulation. Resulting in obesity irritate Easily mood swings and increases the risk of certain types of cancer and fat in the arteries

Symptoms of unbalanced estrogen levels, such as

  • Menstruation is irregular.
  • Irregular premenstrual symptoms (Premenstruation syndrome – PMS)
  • mood swings
  • Easily irritated
  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Can’t concentrate
  • Bones are fragile and break easily.
  • Vaginal dryness and atrophy Affects sexual relations, causing cysts, tumors on the breast, uterus, and ovaries.

progesterone hormone (Progesterone)

The hormone progesterone is produced by the ovaries after ovulation . and some from the placenta It is responsible for controlling ovulation. and menstruation Stimulates the endometrium to thicken. Ready to receive implantation of the embryo that has been fertilized with egg and sperm. take care of pregnancy Controls the basic functions of the body

By the level of the hormone progesterone There will be differences during each stage of ovulation and pregnancy. If there is an abnormality in the hormone progesterone before pregnancy, it may affect the pregnancy. This is because the fertilized egg cannot implant. And if there are hormonal abnormalities during pregnancy, it may cause miscarriage.

Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH)

Follicular stimulating hormone ( FSH ) is produced by the pituitary gland. To stimulate the egg to grow and be ready for fertilization with sperm. Including affecting sexual growth during reproductive age. If the FSH hormone is abnormal, it will cause no egg development and may affect the ability to reproduce.

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Luteinizing hormone ( LH ) is produced by the pituitary gland. Its function is to stimulate a fully developed egg to fall from the ovary to be ready for fertilization with sperm. If LH levels are too low, ovulation will not occur. Affects reproductive ability But if there is too much, it may result in the formation of cysts or fluid sacs in the ovaries.

Other female hormones

  • Endorphin (Endorphin) 
    Endorphin (Endorphin) is a hormone that is secreted from the pituitary gland when the body is happy, satisfied, and relaxed. If the body is stressed, this type of hormone will decrease. We can increase endorphin levels by doing activities that make us happy and relaxed, such as favorite activities, exercising, or meditating to create calmness.
  • Serotonin 
    Serotonin is secreted from the brain and partially from the digestive tract. Helps control muscle function, mood, and behavior. It is an important hormone in helping sleep.
    If serotonin levels are too low, it can affect sleep. Makes you irritated, unable to concentrate, and has a headache. If it lasts for a long time, it may result in depression.
    Regular exercise and a healthy diet, especially protein, can increase and maintain serotonin levels.
  • Cortisol 
    Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Will be secreted more when the body is under stress. There is a critical situation. There’s something to worry about. or have illness of the body When this condition occurs, the hormone cortisol is released to prepare the body for recovery. Stimulates the production of more sugar to increase energy for the body. Controls water and mineral salt levels in the body
    Getting a good night’s sleep helps keep cortisol levels stable. This is because the hormone cortisol is high in the morning after waking up and gradually decreases in the afternoon.
  • Adrenaline 
    Adrenaline or epinephrine is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands. It is secreted when the body is in a state of emergency or crisis, preparing the body to use energy. Will make the heart beat faster. High blood pressure
    Normally, the body secretes more of this hormone only when there is an emergency or stimulation. But if there is an abnormality, there may be a continuous secretion of hormones, causing rapid heart rate and chronic high blood pressure.

Changes in female hormones during menopause

Menopause or menopause It is the age when females stop menstruating. and unable to get pregnant The age of menopause will vary from person to person. The average age is approximately 48-52 years.

Or it may be caused by surgery to remove both ovaries. Makes it unable to make hormones or caused by some type of disease or using chemotherapy before menopause There will be hormonal changes.

Menopausal symptoms such as

  • Menstruation is not normal.
  • Hot flashes
  • Sweating
  • Anxious
  • Heart palpitations
  • have sleep problems
  • mood changes
  • Easily irritated
  • vaginal dryness
  • Infection and itching in the vagina
  • Pain when having sex

These symptoms can occur for anywhere from 2 – 8 years and on average 4 years.

When menopause is complete The body’s production of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone is greatly reduced, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) are increased, causing sexual feelings There are changes in the skin. Bone mass becomes thinner, resulting in brittle bones that break easily, increasing the risk of heart disease, blood vessel disease, and stroke.

Diagnosis of menopausal symptoms

Testing hormone levels can diagnose menopause. It will be found that there is an increase in FSH levels and a decrease in the estrogen hormone estradiol (E2).

Care during menopause and use of hormone supplements 

Although changes in hormone levels are normal age-related changes, But decreased hormone levels can result in uncomfortable symptoms, such as hot flashes. Night sweats, insomnia, mood swings, vaginal dryness, decreased sexual sensation and arousal.

Including the risk of diseases such as osteoporosis increasing. If the symptoms are mild, the body can adjust to respond appropriately.

How many types of hormone replacement therapy are there for menopause?

However, in those with severe symptoms The use of hormone supplements to replace the hormones the body makes has decreased. It will help reduce symptoms and prevent osteoporosis in the long term. The hormones used include estrogen and estrogen combined with progesterone. And it is available in oral form, patches, gels, or lubricating gels specifically for treating vaginal dryness. The amount of hormone in each form varies in size.

The use of hormone replacement therapy may increase the risk of certain types of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Including contraindications for use in certain groups of patients. Therefore, a doctor should be consulted to check hormone levels and consider medication. Including adjusting the size continuously and appropriately You should not buy hormone replacement therapy to take yourself.

In addition, if you have symptoms of menopause, you may consult your doctor to prescribe other non-hormonal drugs to relieve the symptoms, such as SSRIs, SNRIs, and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMS), etc.

Advice for taking care of your health during menopause without using drugs or hormone replacement.

In those who do not yet need to use hormone replacement therapy You may take care of your own health as follows:

  1. Eat nutritious food from all 5 food groups. Eat food that has enough calcium and vitamin D. Receive sunlight in the morning for protection. osteoporosisThe body should receive at least 800-1,000 U of vitamin D per day and should receive calcium in the amount of 1,000-1,200 mg per day.
  2. Exercise regularly to build muscle mass.
  3. Reduce or refrain from consuming alcoholic beverages.
  4. Stop smoking

Continuously taking care of your body’s health and strength Including observing the symptoms of the body when there are changes. Early prevention and treatment of hormonal imbalance or deficiency in menopause is important for long-term prevention of osteoporosis and other serious condition

 

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