abnormal vaginal bleeding (but not menstruation)

• abnormal vaginal bleeding But not menstruation It may indicate health problems such as sexually transmitted diseases. Cervical inflammation Vaginitis or an ectopic pregnancy occurs Including serious diseases such as cancer of the reproductive system.
• If vaginal bleeding is found in large amounts or lasts longer than 1 week along with lower abdominal pain. or severe pelvic pain, dizziness, fever, or abnormal anemia You should see a doctor to get a diagnosis of the cause and receive treatment.
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding may resolve on its own. But sometimes vaginal bleeding, if left untreated, can become so severe that it cannot be treated. or can be life-threatening

Women of reproductive age have their periods every 21-35 days. Menstrual blood Each cycle does not exceed 5-7 days, depending on each person’s body. Including other factors such as age, stress, diet, exercise and genetics  , menstruation will occur until approximately 45-55 years of age or menopause.

In case of vaginal bleeding But not menstruation It may indicate health problems such as sexually transmitted diseases. Cervical inflammation Vaginitis or an ectopic pregnancy occurs Including serious diseases such as cancer of the reproductive system. Therefore, if vaginal bleeding is found But not menstruation You should see a doctor immediately to diagnose the exact cause. and receive proper treatment

Vaginal bleeding is divided into 2 types.

• Normal vaginal bleeding ( Normal Vaginal Bleeding ) or menstruation Each menstrual cycle, the ovaries produce eggs to be fertilized by sperm. In the case where the egg is not fertilized The lining of the uterus that is built up to support the embryo breaks down during menstruation. The length of the menstrual cycle varies from person to person.
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding ( Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding ), blood that is not menstrual, such as bleeding during pregnancy. Bleeding after menopause Vaginal bleeding before the age of 9 years, etc. Abnormal vaginal bleeding has many causes.

Symptoms of abnormal vaginal bleeding

Abnormal vaginal bleeding It can happen for a variety of reasons. But if vaginal bleeding is found along with the following symptoms You should see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

• Vaginal bleeding in large quantities or for more than 1 week, requiring changing of sanitary pads every 2 hours
• Pain in the lower abdomen or severe pelvic pain
• Dizziness, like fainting
• Have a fever
• Symptoms that get worse or occur more often
• abnormal anemia

Causes of abnormal vaginal bleeding

• Hormonal birth control such as pills, patches, and injections may be noticeable during the first 3 months of use. This is because excess hormones can cause changes in endometrium
• Some sexually transmitted diseases, such as chlamydia
• Infection of the cervix or endometrium
• Blood clotting disorders
• Other health conditions, such as hypothyroidism, liver disease, or chronic kidney disease
• Tumor or polyp These are noncancerous tumors that grow in the lining or muscle of the uterus.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome PCOS occurs when the ovaries become enlarged with fluid-filled sacs surrounding the eggs.
• The body makes testosterone. Or too much androgen (Androgen) can sometimes cause no menstruation.
• cancer of the reproductive system including uterine cancer It is more common in women who have gone through menopause.
• Complications during pregnancy, such as ectopic pregnancy Placenta previa Placental  abruption,    miscarriage
• Other causes include exercising too strenuously. Inserting a foreign object into the vagina Unusual weight gain or loss or there is a tear in the vagina, etc.

Diagnosis of abnormal vaginal bleeding

If abnormal vaginal bleeding is found, you should see a doctor immediately for a diagnosis. The doctor will take a history. Asking information about the menstrual cycle Including additional examinations as follows:

• Pelvic exam or internal examination To check for abnormalities related to the uterus and ovaries.
• Cervical cancer screening By collecting a sample from the cervix. Take it to check for infection from sexually transmitted diseases. and cervical cancer
• pregnancy test To find out the condition of ectopic pregnancy Placenta previa Placental abruption or miscarriage
• Blood test To see the completeness of the blood cells In case of excessive bleeding causing anemia
• Blood tests to check for abnormalities in various functions such as the thyroid gland, liver, kidneys, and sex hormones.

Treatment of abnormal vaginal bleeding

Treatment for abnormal vaginal bleeding depends on the cause and severity of the disease as follows:

• Balance hormones By eating or giving injections Patient cases due to hormonal imbalance
• If a uterine tumor is detected You may need surgery to remove your uterus. To control vaginal bleeding
• Take antibiotics to reduce infection
• Curettage of the uterus in cases where drug treatment is ineffective To control excessive bleeding and detect additional abnormalities of the uterine lining.
• If the doctor does not find the cause clearly. The patient will receive birth control pills. To help adjust the menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding.

Reproductive system cancer treatment

If it is found that the cause of bleeding from the vagina Caused by cancers of the reproductive system such as cervical cancer. Endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and vaginal cancer The doctor will consider treatment as follows:

• There are many types of surgery, such as surgery on only the part where cancer cells are found. or surgery to remove internal pelvic organs such as the bladder, ovaries, uterus, and vagina entirely If cancer cells have spread Or there is a chance that the cancer will come back again.
• Radiation to eliminate cancer cells Suitable for people with advanced cancer. or there is a risk of cancer cells developing again It is mostly used in conjunction with chemotherapy after surgery.
• Chemotherapy, administered through a vein or give oral medicine This may require chemotherapy along with radiation.
• Immunotherapy   Helps stimulate the immune system to fight cancer. It is a method used in cases where other treatments are not effective.
• Targeted drug therapy  It is the use of drugs that specifically destroy cancer cells. which is highly efficient and may cause fewer side effects than chemotherapy

Some abnormal vaginal bleeding may go away on its own. But it is vaginal bleeding that affects health. It is necessary to receive appropriate medical treatment. To prevent symptoms from reoccurring and becoming so severe that they cannot be cured. It can also cause life-threatening complications.